iPhone Battery and Performance

Empathize iPhone functioning and its relation to your battery.

Your iPhone is designed to deliver an experience that is elementary and easy to use. This is only possible through a combination of advanced technologies and sophisticated engineering science. 1 important engineering science surface area is battery and performance. Batteries are a complex technology, and a number of variables contribute to battery functioning and related iPhone performance. All rechargeable batteries are consumables and have a limited lifespan—somewhen their capacity and operation pass up such that they need to be replaced. Equally batteries age, it can contribute to changes in iPhone functioning. We created this information for those who would like to learn more than.

About lithium-ion batteries

iPhone batteries employ lithium-ion technology. Compared with older generations of bombardment technology, lithium-ion batteries accuse faster, concluding longer, and have a higher ability density for more battery life in a lighter package. Rechargeable lithium-ion technology currently provides the best engineering for your device. Learn more virtually lithium-ion batteries.

How to maximize battery performance

"Bombardment life" is the amount of time a device runs before it needs to be recharged. "Battery lifespan" is the amount of time a battery lasts until information technology needs to exist replaced. One cistron affecting battery life and lifespan is the mix of things you practice with your device. No matter how you lot use it, there are means to aid. A battery'south lifespan is related to its "chemical age," which is more than than merely the passage of time. It includes different factors, such as the number of charge cycles and how it was cared for. Follow these tips to maximize battery performance and help extend bombardment lifespan. For example, keep iPhone one-half-charged when it'southward stored for the long term. Likewise avert charging or leaving iPhone in hot environments, including straight dominicus exposure, for extended periods of time.

When batteries chemically historic period

All rechargeable batteries are consumable components that become less effective equally they chemically age.

As lithium-ion batteries chemically historic period, the corporeality of accuse they can hold diminishes, resulting in shorter amounts of fourth dimension before a device needs to exist recharged. This can be referred to every bit the battery's maximum chapters—the measure of battery capacity relative to when it was new. In addition, a bombardment's ability to deliver maximum instantaneous functioning, or "peak power," may subtract. In social club for a telephone to function properly, the electronics must be able to draw upon instantaneous power from the bombardment. Ane aspect that affects this instantaneous power delivery is the battery'south impedance. A battery with a high impedance may be unable to provide sufficient power to the system that needs information technology. A battery'southward impedance tin can increment if a battery has a college chemical age. A battery'southward impedance will temporarily increase at a low state of charge and in a cold temperature environment. When coupled with a higher chemical historic period, the impedance increase volition be more pregnant. These are characteristics of battery chemistry that are mutual to all lithium-ion batteries in the manufacture.

When power is pulled from a bombardment with a higher level of impedance, the battery'southward voltage will drop to a greater caste. Electronic components require a minimum voltage to properly operate. This includes the device's internal storage, power circuits, and the battery itself. The power management system determines the capability of the battery to supply this power, and manages the loads in social club to maintain operations. When the operations can no longer be supported with the full capabilities of the power direction system, the arrangement will perform a shutdown to preserve these electronic components. While this shutdown is intentional from the device perspective, information technology may be unexpected past the user.

Preventing unexpected shutdowns

With a low battery state of accuse, a higher chemical age, or colder temperatures, users are more than likely to experience unexpected shutdowns. In extreme cases, shutdowns tin occur more often, thereby rendering the device unreliable or unusable. For iPhone 6, iPhone 6 Plus, iPhone 6s, iPhone 6s Plus, iPhone SE (1st generation), iPhone 7, and iPhone seven Plus, iOS dynamically manages performance peaks to preclude the device from unexpectedly shutting down so that the iPhone can nevertheless be used. This performance management feature is specific to iPhone and does not apply to any other Apple products. Starting with iOS 12.1, iPhone viii, iPhone 8 Plus, and iPhone 10 include this feature; iPhone XS, iPhone XS Max, and iPhone XR include this characteristic starting with iOS 13.ane. The effects of functioning management on these newer models may be less noticeable due to their more than advanced hardware and software pattern.

This performance management works by looking at a combination of the device temperature, bombardment state of charge, and battery impedance. Simply if these variables require it, iOS volition dynamically manage the maximum performance of some system components, such every bit the CPU and GPU, in order to prevent unexpected shutdowns. As a result, the device workloads will cocky-balance, allowing a smoother distribution of organisation tasks, rather than larger, quick spikes of performance all at once. In some cases, a user may non find whatever differences in daily device performance. The level of perceived alter depends on how much operation management is required for a detail device.

In cases that require more extreme forms of this performance management, the user may notice furnishings such equally:

  • Longer app launch times
  • Lower frame rates while scrolling
  • Backlight dimming (which tin exist overridden in Control Center)
  • Lower speaker volume by up to -3dB
  • Gradual frame charge per unit reductions in some apps
  • During the almost extreme cases, the photographic camera wink will exist disabled as visible in the camera UI
  • Apps refreshing in groundwork may require reloading upon launch

Many key areas are not impacted by this performance management feature. Some of these include:

  • Cellular call quality and networking throughput performance
  • Captured photo and video quality
  • GPS performance
  • Location accurateness
  • Sensors like gyroscope, accelerometer, barometer
  • Apple tree Pay

For a low battery state of accuse and colder temperatures, functioning management changes are temporary. If a device battery has chemically anile far enough, performance management changes may be more lasting. This is considering all rechargeable batteries are consumables and accept a express lifespan, eventually needing to be replaced. If you are impacted by this and would like to improve your device operation, replacing your device bombardment tin assistance.

For iOS 11.three and later

iOS eleven.3 and later improve this performance management feature by periodically assessing the level of performance management necessary to avoid unexpected shutdowns. If the bombardment health is able to support the observed peak power requirements, the corporeality of performance management will be lowered. If an unexpected shutdown occurs once more, then performance management will increase. This assessment is ongoing, allowing more adaptive performance management.

iPhone 8 and later use a more advanced hardware and software pattern that provides a more accurate estimation of both power needs and the battery's power capability to maximize overall system performance. This allows a different performance management system that more precisely allows iOS to anticipate and avoid an unexpected shutdown. As a result, the impacts of performance management may exist less noticeable on iPhone 8 and later. Over fourth dimension, the rechargeable batteries in all iPhone models volition diminish in their chapters and superlative performance and will eventually need to be replaced.

Battery Health

For iPhone 6 and later, iOS 11.3 and later on add new features to show battery health and recommend if a bombardment needs to exist replaced. These can be found in Settings > Battery > Battery Health.

Additionally, users tin come across if the performance direction characteristic that dynamically manages maximum operation to forbid unexpected shutdowns is on and can cull to turn it off. This characteristic is enabled merely later an unexpected shutdown beginning occurs on a device with a battery that has diminished ability to deliver maximum instantaneous power. This feature applies to iPhone half-dozen, iPhone 6 Plus, iPhone 6s, iPhone 6s Plus, iPhone SE (1st generation), iPhone 7, and iPhone vii Plus. Starting with iOS 12.ane, iPhone 8, iPhone 8 Plus, and iPhone X include this feature; iPhone XS, iPhone XS Max, and iPhone XR include this feature starting with iOS 13.1. The furnishings of operation management on these newer models may exist less noticeable due to their more advanced hardware and software pattern.

(Notation: Devices updating from iOS 11.2.6 or earlier will initially take functioning management disabled; it will be reenabled if the device afterwards experiences an unexpected shutdown.)

All iPhone models include fundamental operation management to ensure that the battery and overall system operates as designed and internal components are protected. This includes beliefs in hot or cold temperatures, as well equally internal voltage management. This blazon of performance management is required for safety and expected role, and cannot be turned off.

Your battery'southward maximum chapters

The Battery Health screen includes information on maximum battery capacity and peak functioning capability.

Maximum battery capacity measures the device bombardment capacity relative to when it was new. A battery will accept lower capacity equally the battery chemically ages which may result in fewer hours of usage between charges. Depending upon the length of time between when the iPhone was made and when it is activated, your battery capacity may show as slightly less than 100%.

A normal battery is designed to retain up to lxxx% of its original capacity at 500 consummate charge cycles when operating under normal conditions. The 1-year warranty includes service coverage for a defective bombardment. If it is out of warranty, Apple offers bombardment service for a charge. Learn more about charge cycles.

As your battery wellness degrades, so tin its ability to evangelize peak functioning. The Battery Health screen includes a section for Height Performance Capability where the following letters may appear.

Performance is normal

When the battery condition can support normal pinnacle operation and does not take the performance management features applied, you'll see this message:

Your bombardment is currently supporting normal peak performance.

Operation direction applied

When the functioning management features accept been applied, you'll see this message:

This iPhone has experienced an unexpected shutdown considering the bombardment was unable to deliver the necessary peak ability. Performance direction has been practical to assist prevent this from happening once more. Disable…

Notation that if you lot disable performance management, you lot can't plough it back on. It will be turned on again automatically if an unexpected shutdown occurs. The selection to disable volition likewise be available.

Battery health unknown

If iOS is unable to decide the device bombardment health, y'all'll encounter this message:

This iPhone is unable to determine battery health. An Apple Authorized Service Provider can service the battery. More virtually service options…

This may be due to having an improperly installed battery or an unknown bombardment part.

Performance management turned off

If you disable the applied performance management characteristic, you'll run into this message:

This iPhone has experienced an unexpected shutdown because the bombardment was unable to deliver the necessary height ability. You have manually disabled performance management protections.

If the device experiences another unexpected shutdown, the operation management features will be re-applied. The option to disable will also exist available.

Battery health degraded

If bombardment health has degraded significantly, the below message will likewise appear:

Your battery's health is significantly degraded. An Apple Authorized Service Provider tin can replace the bombardment to restore full operation and capacity. More almost service options…

This message does not betoken a safety issue. Your battery can still exist used. However, you lot may exist experiencing more noticeable battery and operation issues. A new replacement battery will improve your feel. More almost service options.

Important Battery Bulletin

If you encounter the bulletin below, it ways the battery in your iPhone is unable to exist verified. This message applies to iPhone XS, iPhone XS Max, iPhone XR, and afterward.

Unable to verify this iPhone has a 18-carat Apple battery. Health data non bachelor for this battery.Learn more...

Reported battery health information is not bachelor. To take your battery checked, contact an Apple Authorized Service Provider. More about service options.

Learn more about this bulletin as it appears on iPhone 11 and iPhone eleven Pro.

Getting farther assistance

Recalibration of battery health reporting on iPhone 11, iPhone 11 Pro, and iPhone xi Pro Max

iOS 14.5 and later on includes an update where the battery health reporting system will recalibrate maximum battery capacity and peak performance capability on iPhone xi, iPhone eleven Pro, and iPhone 11 Pro Max to accost inaccurate estimates of battery health reporting for some users.

Learn more nigh recalibration of bombardment health reporting in iOS 14.5.

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